Harm Reduction Resources
A. International Instruments
Nonbinding
- UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 3: HIV/AIDS and the Rights of the Child, CRC/GC/2003/3 (March 17, 2003). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/comments.htm.
- UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 10: Children’s Rights in Juvenile Justice, CRC/C/GC/10 (April 25, 2007). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/comments.htm.
- UN Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (1995). www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/g1smr.htm.
- UN Economic and Social Council, United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders [The Bangkok Rules], E/2010/16 (2010). www.un.org/en/ecosoc/docs/2010/res%202010-16.pdf.
- UN Economic and Social Council, Treatment of pain using opioid analgesics, ECOSOC Resolution 2005/25 (July 22, 2005). www.un.org/en/ecosoc/docs/2005/resolution%202005-25.pdf.
- UN General Assembly, Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners, A/RES/45/111(1990). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/45/a45r111.htm.
- UN General Assembly, Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment, A/RES/43/173 (1988). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/43/a43r173.htm.
- UN General Assembly, Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Resolution 3452 (XXX), A/RES/30/3452 (1975). www.un-documents.net/a30r3452.htm.
- UN General Assembly, Principles of Medical Ethics Relevant to the Role of Health Personnel, Particularly Physicians, in the Protection of Prisoners and Detainees against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, A/RES/37/194 (1982). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/37/a37r194.htm.
- UN General Assembly, Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, A/RES/45/113 (1990). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/45/a45r113.htm.
- UN General Assembly, United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice [The Beijing Rules”], A/RES/40/33 (1985). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/40/a40r033.htm.
- UN General Assembly, United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures [The Tokyo Rules], A/RES/45/110 (1990). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/45/a45r110.htm.
- UN General Assembly, Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, A/RES/S-26/2 (June 27, 2001). www.un.org/ga/aids/docs/aress262.pdf.
- UN General Assembly, Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS, A/RES/60/262 (June 15, 2006). http://data.unaids.org/pub/report/2006/20060615_hlm_politicaldeclaration_ares60262_en.pdf.
- UN General Assembly, Political Declaration on HIV and AIDS: Intensifying Our Efforts to Eliminate HIV and AIDS, A/RES/65/277 (July 8, 2011). www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/document/2011/06/20110610_un_a-res-65-277_en.pdf.
- UN General Assembly Special Session, Declaration on the Guiding Principles of Drug Demand Reduction, in Resolution S-20/4, Measures to enhance international cooperation to counter the world drug problem, A/RES/S-20/4 (1998). www.un.org/documents/ga/res/20sp/a20spr04.htm.
- UN Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 8: Right to liberty and security of persons (June 30, 1982). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/comments.htm.
- UN Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 20: Replaces general comment 7 concerning prohibition of torture and cruel treatment or punishment (Art. 7) (1992). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/comments.htm.
- UN Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 21: Replaces general comment 9 concerning humane treatment of persons deprived of liberty (Art. 10) (1992). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/comments.htm.
- UN International Narcotics Control Board, Flexibility of Treaty Provisions as Regards Harm Reduction Approaches, Decision 74/10, E/INCB/2002/W.13/SS.5 (2002). www.tni.org/drugsreformdocs/un300902.pdf.
- WHO, Declaration of Alma-Ata (September 6-12, 1978). www.who.int/publications/almaata_declaration_en.pdf.
- WHO, Model List of Essential Medicines (2011). www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines.
B. Regional Instruments
Binding
- Council of Europe, Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine: Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine CETS No. 164 (1997). conventions.coe.int/Treaty/EN/Treaties/Html/164.htm.
- Council of Europe, European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, ETS 126 (November 26, 1987). http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6b36314.html.
Nonbinding
- WHO, A Declaration on the Promotion of Patients’ Rights in Europe (March, 1994). www.who.int/genomics/public/eu_declaration1994.pdf.
- WHO, Drug Use and Dependence, Regional Committee for the Eastern Mediterranean, Resolution EM/RC52/R.5 (2005). http://applications.emro.who.int/docs/EM_rc52_r5_en.pdf.
- WHO, Scaling up response the response to HIV/AIDS in the European Region of WHO, Resolution EUR/RC52/R9 (2002). www.euro.who.int/Governance/resolutions/2002/20021231_4.
C. Other Declarations and Statements
- Active Citizen Network, European Charter of Patients’ Rights (2002). www.eesc.europa.eu/self-and-coregulation/documents/codes/private/085-private-act.pdf.
- Greater Involvement of People Living HIV/AIDS (GIPA) [The GIPA Principle] (2004). http://data.unaids.org/pub/briefingnote/2007/jc1299_policy_brief_GIPA.pdf.
- Harm Reduction International, Beirut Declaration on HIV and Injecting Drug Use: A Global Call for Action, 2011 International Harm Reduction Conference, www.ihra.net/declaration.
- International AIDS Society, International Centre for Science in Drug Policy and BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, The Vienna Declaration (2010). www.viennadeclaration.com/the-declaration/. Available in Russian, Portuguese, Chinese, French, Spanish, German and Arabic.
- International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Rome Consensus for a Humanitarian Drug Policy (2007), www.romeconsensus.net/modules/declar.
- International Network of People Who Use Drugs, Vancouver Declaration (2006). www.inpud.net/index.php/statements-and-position-papers/12-vancouver-declaration.html.
- “Manifesto of People Who Use Drugs”, in Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, Nothing About Us Without Us: Greater, Meaningful Involvement of People Who Use Illegal Drugs: A public health, ethical, and human rights imperative (2006). www.aidslaw.ca/publications/publicationsdocEN.php?ref=67.
- WHO European Region, Dublin Declaration on Partnership to Fight HIV/AIDS in Europe and Central Asia (2004). www.drugpolicy.org/docUploads/dublin_declaration_2004.pdf.
D. Harm Reduction – Generally
- Count the Costs, Alternative World Drug Report: Counting the Costs of the War on Drugs (2012). www.countthecosts.org/alternative-world-drug-report.
- Harm Reduction International, The Global State of Harm Reduction (2012). www.ihra.net/global-state-of-harm-reduction-2012.
- International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, Out of Harm’s Way: Injecting Drug Users and Harm Reduction (2010), http://ifrc.org/Global/Publications/Health/Harm-reduction-report-EN.pdf.
- Sarang A, Stuikyte R, Bykov R, “Implementation of harm reduction in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia”, International Journal of Drug Policy. 18, no. 2 (2007): 129-135. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17689355.
- UNODC, Reducing the adverse health and social effects of drug use: A comprehensive approach (2008). www.unodc.org/documents/prevention/Reducing-adverse-consequences-drugabuse.pdf.
- UNODC and WHO, Principles of Drug Dependence Treatment (March, 2008). www.unodc.org/documents/drug-treatment/UNODC-WHO-Principles-of-Drug-Dependence-Treatment-March08.pdf.
E. Human Rights & Harm Reduction – General
- Barrett D and Gallahue P, “Harm Reduction and Human Rights,” INTERIGHTS Bulletin 16 no. 4 (2011): 188-194. www.interights.org/userfiles/TortureHealth_Edition_web.pdf.
- Gallahue P and Barrett D, Human Rights Impact Assessments: Due Diligence for Drug Control (2012). www.ihra.net/files/2012/06/01/Barrett_-_Human_Rights_Impact_Assessments.pdf.
- Gallahue P, Saucier R, and Barrett D, Partners in Crime: International Funding for Drug Control and Gross Violations of Human Rights (Harm Reduction International, 2012). www.ihra.net/files/2012/06/20/Partners_in_Crime_web1.pdf.
- Heilmann D, “The International Control of Illegal Drugs and the U.N. Treat Regime: Preventing or Causing Human Rights Violations?”, Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law 19 (2011). www.cjicl.com/uploads/2/9/5/9/2959791/cjicl_19.2_heilmann_article.pdf.
- Human Rights Watch et al., Harm Reduction, Human Rights and Drug Policy Briefing 1 (2010). www.ihra.net/contents/804.
- Human Rights Watch, We Know What to Do: Harm Reduction and Human Rights in North Carolina, Advocacy Brief (2011). www.hrw.org/news/2011/09/13/we-know-what-do.
- Human Rights Watch, International Harm Reduction Association, Beckley Foundation Drug Policy Programme, and Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, Recalibrating the Regime: The Need for a Human Rights-Based Approach to International Drug Policy (2008). www.hrw.org/legacy/pub/2008/hivaids/beckley0308.pdf.
- Human Rights Watch and International Harm Reduction Association, International Support for Harm Reduction: An Overview of Multi-Lateral Endorsement of Harm Reduction Policy and Practice (2009). www.hrw.org/en/news/2009/01/19/international-support-harm-reduction.
- International Harm Reduction Association and Human Rights Watch, Building Consensus: A Reference Guide to Human Rights and Drug Policy (2009). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material/3.9.2009_Health_BuildingConsensusDrugPolicyGuide_0.pdf.
- International Harm Reduction Association, Human Rights Watch, International Harm Reduction Development Program, and the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, Human Rights and Drug Policy (2010). www.hrw.org/node/82339.
- UNHCHR and Inter-Parliamentary Union, Human Rights: Handbook for Parliamentarians (2010). www.ihra.net/files/2010/10/28/EDITED_VERSION_-_Human_Rights_Handbook_for_Parliamentarians.doc.
- UNODC, Drug Control, Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice: A Human Rights Perspective (2010). www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CND-Uploads/CND-53-RelatedFiles/ECN152010_CRP1-6eV1051605.pdf.
- UN Special Rapporteur on the question of torture and UN Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, Letter to the Commission on Narcotic Drugs from UN Special Rapporteurs, December 10, 2008. www.hrw.org/news/2008/12/10/un-human-rights-experts-call-upon-cnd-support-harm-reduction.
F. Right to Life
- Human Rights Watch and Harm Reduction International, “Statement on International Funding, UN Assistance, and the Death Penalty for Drug Offences”, Joint Statement UN to the UN Human Rights Council, September 14, 2012. www.hrw.org/news/2012/09/14/un-human-rights-council-statement-international-funding-un-assistance-and-death-pena.
- Indian Harm Reduction Network v. Union of India, C. W. P. 1784 and 1790 of 2010, H.C. Bom. 16 June 2011 (overturning India’s mandatory death penalty for drugs but upholding it as a discretionary sancton). www.lawyerscollective.org/files/IHRN%20judgment.pdf.
- International Harm Reduction Association, The Death Penalty for Drug Offenses: A Violation of Human Rights Law (2007). www.ihra.net/files/2010/07/01/DeathPenaltyReport2007.pdf.
- International Harm Reduction Association, Complicity or Abolition? The Death Penalty and International Support for Drug Enforcement (2010). www.ihra.net/contents/567.
- International Harm Reduction Association, The Death Penalty for Drug Offenses: Global Overview 2012 (2012). www.ihra.net/contents/1290.
G. Freedom from Torture and Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
(see also “Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Detention”)
- Campaign to Stop Torture in Health Care, “Torture and Ill-Treatment in Health Settings: A Failure of Accountability”, INTERIGHTS Bulletin 16 no. 4 (2011): 160-165. www.interights.org/userfiles/TortureHealth_Edition_web.pdf.
- Elliot R et al., Treatment or Torture? Applying International Human Rights Standards to Drug Detention Centers (Open Society Foundations, 2011). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/treatment-or-torture-20110624.pdf.
- Human Rights Watch et al., Compulsory Drug Treatment, Human Rights and Drug Policy Briefing 4 (2010). www.ihra.net/contents/804.
- Human Rights Watch, The Rehab Archipelago: Forced Labor and Other Abuses in Drug Detention Centers in Southern Vietnam (2011). www.hrw.org/reports/2011/09/07/rehab-archipelago-0.
- Human Rights Watch, Torture in the Name of Treatment: Human Rights Abuses in Vietnam, China, Cambodia and Lao PDR (2012). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/HHR%20Drug%20Detention%20Brochure_LOWRES.pdf.
- Hungarian Civil Liberties Union, Abuse in the Name of Treatment:: Drug Detention Centers in Asia (2010).
http://drogriporter.hu/en/ddt. - International Harm Reduction Association, Drug Policy: Compulsory Drug Treatment (2010).
www.ihra.net/files/2010/11/01/IHRA_BriefingNew_4.pdf. - Jürgen R and Csete J, “In the Name of Treatment: Ending Abuses in Compulsory Drug Detention Centers,” Addiction 107 no. 4 (2012): 689-691.
- Open Society Foundations, Treated with Cruelty: Abuses in the Name of Drug Rehabilitation (2011).
www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/treatedwithcruelty.pdf. - Pearshouse R and Amon JJ, “The ethics of research in compulsory drug detention centres in Asia”, Journal of the International AIDS Society 15 (2012). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material/JIAS2012.pdf.
- Saucier R and Wolfe D, “The Limits of Equivalence: Ethical Dilemmas in Providing Care in Drug Detention Centers,” International Journal of Prisoner Health 6 no. 2 (2010): 81-87. www.opensocietyfoundations.org/publications/limits-equivalence-ethical-dilemmas-providing-care-drug-detention-centers.
- UN Human Rights Council, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Juan E. Méndez, A/HRC/22/53 (2013). www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/RegularSession/Session22/A.HRC.22.53_English.pdf.
- UN Human Rights Council, Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Applying a human rights-based approach to drug policies, A/HRC/10/44 (2009). http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G09/129/53/PDF/G0912953.pdf.
- WHO Western Pacific Region, Assessment of Compulsory Treatment of People Who Use Drugs in Cambodia, China, Malaysia and Viet Nam: An Application of Selected Human Rights Principles (WHO, 2009). www.who.int/hiv/topics/idu/drug_dependence/compulsory_treatment_wpro.pdf.
H. Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
(see also “Freedom from Torture and Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment”)
- Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, Compulsory Drug Treatment in Thailand: Observations on the Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Act B.E. 2545 (2002) (2009). www.aidslaw.ca/publications/publicationsdocEN.php?ref=917.
- Human Rights Watch, “Skin on the Cable”: The Illegal Arrest, Arbitrary Detention and Torture of People Who Use Drugs in Cambodia (January 25, 2010). www.hrw.org/node/87692.
- Human Rights Watch, Somsanga’s Secret: Arbitrary Detention Physical Abuse, and Suicide Inside a Lao Drug Detention Center (2011). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/laos1011webwcover_0.pdf.
- Human Rights Watch, Where Darkness Knows No Limits: Incarceration, Ill-Treatment and Forced Labor as Drug Rehabilitation in China (2010). www.hrw.org/en/reports/2010/01/07/where-darkness-knows-no-limits.
- Open Society Foundations, Human Rights in the Name of Drug Treatment: Reports from the Field, Public Health Fact Sheet (2009). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/publications/human-rights-abuses-name-drug-treatment-reports-field.
- Thomson N, Detention as Treatment: Detention of Methamphetamine Users in Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand (Open Society Foundations, 2010). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/Detention-as-Treatment-20100301.pdf.
I. Right to a Fair Trial
- Ravi M and Harm Reduction International, Urgent Appeal to the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, April 28, 2011. http://webelieveinsecondchances.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/urgent-appeal-to-the-special-rapporteur-on-arbitrary-executions-doc.pdf.
J. Right to Privacy
- Open Society Institute, The Effects of Drug User Registration Laws on People’s Rights and Health: Key Findings from Russia, Georgia, and Ukraine (October 2009), www.soros.org/reports/effects-drug-user-registration-laws-peoples-rights-and-health.
K. Right to Non-discrimination
- Count the Costs, The War on Drugs: Promoting stigma and discrimination (2012). www.countthecosts.org/seven-costs/promoting-discrimination-and-stigma.
- Human Rights Watch, Targeting Blacks: Drug Law Enforcement and Race in the United States (2008).
www.hrw.org/en/reports/2008/05/04/targeting-blacks-0. - Human Rights Watch et al., Drugs, Criminal laws and Policing, Human Rights and Drug Policy Briefing 2 (2010). www.ihra.net/contents/804.
L. Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health
- Count the Costs, The War on Drugs: Threatening public health, spreading disease and death (2012). www.countthecosts.org/seven-costs/threatening-public-health-spreading-disease-and-death.
- Harm Reduction International, “Professor Paul Hunt, UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health addresses Harm Reduction International’s 19th international harm reduction conference”, blog post and video of address, May 13, 2008. www.ihra.net/contents/289.
- Human Rights Watch et al., Access to Controlled Medicines, Human Rights and Drug Policy Briefing 5 (2010). www.ihra.net/contents/804.
- Human Rights Watch, Please Do Not Make Us Suffer Any More: Access to Pain Treatment as a Human Right (2009). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/health0309web_1.pdf.
- Hunt P, UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health, “Human rights, health and harm reduction: States’
amnesia and parallel universes”, Speech, IHRA 19th International Conference Barcelona, May 11, 2008.
www.ihra.net/contents/550. - UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, The Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health, E/C.12/2000/4 (August 11, 2000). www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/%28symbol%29/E.C.12.2000.4.En.
- UN Human Rights Council, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to health (right to health and international drug control, compulsory treatment for drug dependence and access to controlled medicines). A/65/255 (2010). http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N10/477/91/PDF/N1047791.pdf.
- Takahashi S, “Drug Control, Human Rights, and the Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health: By No Means Straightforward Issues,” Human Rights Quarterly 31 no. 3 (August 2009): 748-776. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/hrq/summary/v031/31.3.takahashi.html.
M. Right to an Adequate Standard of Living and Right to Work
- Human Rights Watch et al., Crop Eradication, Human Rights and Drug Policy Briefing 6 (2010). www.ihra.net/contents/804.
- UN Office of Drugs and Crime, Sustainable livelihoods: a broader vision: Social support and integration to prevent illicit drug use, HIV/AIDS and crime, Discussion Paper 2012, www.unodc.org/documents/alternative-development/SL%20Paper/Final_ebook.pdf.
N. Women
- Burns K, Women, Harm Reduction, and HIV: Key Findings from Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine (Open Society Foundations, 2009). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/publications/women-harm-reduction-and-hiv.
- Eurasian Harm Reduction Network, Submission to UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women: call for immediate action to stop violence against women who use drugs (2012). www.harm-reduction.org/images/stories/News_PDF_2012/ehrn_submission_to_special_rapporteur_on_violence_1.pdf.
- Grant J, “Incarcerated Women and Drug Abuse: An International Perspective,” Journal of the Institute of Justice and International Studies No. 7 (2007): 129-142. www.ucmo.edu/cjinst/2007%20Number%207.pdf.
- Haritavorn N, Life Beyond the Norm: Voices of Women Injection Drug Users (Open Society Foundations, 2008). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/life-beyond-norm-voices-women-injection-drug-users.
- Harm Reduction International, Cause for Alarm: The Incarceration of Women for Drug Offences in Europe and Central Asia, and the need for Legislative and Sentencing Reform (March 2012), www.ihra.net/contents/1179.
Also available in Russian. - Harm Reduction International, Drug offences, access to justice and the penalisation of vulnerability, Submission to the UN CEDAW Committee, General Discussion on “Access to Justice” (2013). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cedaw/docs/Discussion2013/HarmReductionInternational.pdf.
- Iakobishvili, E, Cause for Alarm: The Incarceration of Women for Drug Offences in Europe and Central Asia, and the need for Legislative and Sentencing Reform (Harm Reduction International (2012). www.ihra.net/contents/1179.
- Open Society Foundations, Harm Reduction at Work (2011). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/harm-reduction-work.
- Pinkham S and Shapoval A, Making Harm Reduction Work for Women: The Ukrainian Experience (Open Society Foundation, 2010). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/making-harm-reduction-work-women-ukrainian-experience.
- Rychkova O, “When There is No Safe Place to Go”, Voices, Open Society Foundations, March 8, 2013.
www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/when-there-no-safe-place-go. - Youth RISE and HIV Young Leaders Fund, Aint I A Woman? Recognising and protecting the rights of young women affected by HIV and drug use, Issue Brief (2012), www.youthrise.org/youth-rise-resources.
O. Children
- Barrett D ed., Children of the Drug War: Perspectives on the Impact of Drug Policies on Young People (International Debate Education Association, 2011). www.ihra.net/files/2011/08/08/Children_of_the_Drug_War%5B1%5D.pdf.
- Barrett D and Veerman P, A Commentary on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 33: Protection from Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Bill/Martinus Niihoff, 2011.
- Barrett D and Veerman P, Children Who Use Drugs: The Need for More Clarity on State Obligations in International Law, International Journal on Human Rights and Drug Policy 1 (2010): 63-82. www.humanrightsanddrugs.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/IJHRPD-Vol-1-2010-BARRETT-VEERMAN-Drug-use-and-the-CRC.pdf.
- Harm Reduction International, Injecting Drug Use Among Children and the Child’s Right to Health, Submission to the OHCHR Study on Children’s Right to Health (Human Rights Council Resolution 19/37) (2012). www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Children/Study/RightHealth/Harm_Reduction_International.pdf.
- Harm Reduction International, Drug use, drug dependence and the right to health under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Submission to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (General Comment on Article 24) (2011). www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/docs/CallSubmissions_Art24/HRI_YouthRISE_EHRN.pdf.
- International Harm Reduction Association and Youth RISE, Drugs, Harm Reduction and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child: Common themes and universal rights (2009). www.ihra.net/files/2010/06/17/2009-04_ConventionOnTheRightsOfTheChild_HarmReduction2009.pdf.
- Merkinaite S, Grund JP and Frimpong A, “Young people and drugs: Next generation of harm reduction”, International Journal of Drug Policy 21 (2010): 112–114. www.youthrise.org/youth-rise-resources.
- Youth RISE: a range of issue briefs, briefing papers, peer education training guides, fact sheets, academic papers. www.youthrise.org/youth-rise-resources.
P. Key Populations – HIV/AIDS, TB or Hepatitis
- Brown C, “How Punitive Drug Policy Fuels the HIV Epidemic in Russia”, Voices, Open Society Foundations, Dec. 1, 2011. www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/how-punitive-drug-policy-fuels-hiv-epidemic-russia.
- Global Commission on Drug Policy, The War on Drugs and HIV/AIDS: How the Criminalization of Drug Use Fuels the Global Pandemic (2012). www.globalcommissionondrugs.org/hivaids-pandemic.
- Global Commission on HIV and the Law, HIV and the Law: Rights and Health (July 2012), www.hivlawcommission.org/index.php/report. Also available in Spanish, French and Russian.
- Golovanevskaya M, “Russia’s HIV Care Must Center on Drug Users”, Voices, Open Society Foundations, January 26, 2011. www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/russias-hiv-care-must-center-drug-users.
- Harm Reduction Coalition [e-Resource on hepatits C including a page dedicated to advocacy tools]. In English and Russian. www.harm-reduction.org/hepc-e-resource.html.
- Hoover J, Shining a Light on a Hidden Epidemic: Why and How Civil Society Advocates Can Support the Expansion of Hepatitis C Treatment in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (2009). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/shining-light-hidden-epidemic.
- Human Rights Watch & International Harm Reduction Association, Drugs, punitive laws, policies, and policing practices, and HIV/AIDS, Briefing Paper (2009). www.hrw.org/news/2009/11/30/drugs-punitive-laws-policies-and-policing-practices-and-hivaids.
- Jurgens et al, “People who use drugs, HIV, and human rights”, Lancet 376 (2010): 475-485. www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(10)60830-6.
- Open Society Institute, Delivering HIV Care and Treatment for People Who Use Drugs: Lessons from Research and Practice (2006). www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications/publications/delivering_20060801.
- Open Society Institute, Protecting the Human Rights of Injection Drug Users: the Impact of HIV/AIDS (2005). www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publications/publications/rights_20050228.
- Saucier R and Wolfe D eds., At What Cost? HIV and Human Rights Consequences of the War on Drugs. Open Society Foundations (2009). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/at-what-cost_20090302.pdf.
- Sidibe M, UNAIDS Executive Director, “Why we need harm reduction to reach universal access goals”, Speech, Donor Conference Harm Reduction, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, January 28, 2009. www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/dataimport/pub/speechexd/2009/20090128_ms_harm_reduction_en.pdf.
- Wolfe D and Csete J, “Decriminalization of Drugs as HIV Prevention”, Voices, Open Society Foundations, July 11, 2012. www.soros.org/voices/decriminalization-drugs-hiv-prevention.
- WHO. Evidence for Action: Effectiveness of community-based outreach in preventing HIV/AIDS among injecting drug users. Geneva, 2004. www.who.int/hiv/pub/idu/idu/en/.
- WHO, Effectiveness of sterile needle and syringe programming in reducing HIV/AIDS among injecting drug users (2004). www.who.int/hiv/pub/idu/pubidu/en/.
- WHO, Four ways to reduce hepatitis infections in people who inject drugs (2012), www.who.int/mediacentre/news/notes/2012/hiv_hepatitis_20120721/en/index.html.
- WHO, UNAIDS and UNODC, Policy Guidelines for Collaborative TB and HIV Services for Injecting and Other Drug Users: An Integrated Approach (2008). www.who.int/tb/publications/2008/tbhiv_policy_guidelines_injecting_drugusers/en/index.html. Also available in Chinese and Russian.
- WHO, UNAIDS and UNODC, Provision of sterile injecting equipment to reduce HIV transmission, Policy Brief (2004). www.who.int/hiv/pub/advocacy/en/provisionofsterileen.pdf.
- WHO, UNAIDS and UNODC, Substitution maintenance therapy in the management of opioid dependence and HIV/AIDS prevention, Position Paper (2004). www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/en/PositionPaper_English.pdf.
Q. Key Populations – Prisoners
- Hoover J, Harm Reduction in Prison: The Moldova Model (Open Society Foundations, 2009). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/harm-reduction-prison-moldova-model.
- Human Rights Watch, Barred from Treatment: Punishment of Drug Dependent Prisoners in New York State (2009). www.hrw.org/en/reports/2009/03/24/barred-treatment-0.
- Human Rights Watch et al., Harm Reduction in Places of Detention, Human Rights and Drug Policy Briefing 3 (2010). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material/Briefing%203%20Harm%20Reduction%20in%20Places%20of%20Detention.pdf.
- Jürgens R and Betteridge G, “Prisoners Who Inject Drugs: A Public Health and Human Rights Imperative”, Health and Human Rights 8, no. 2 (2005). www.aidslaw.ca/publications/publicationsdocEN.php?ref=81.
- Lines R. “From equivalence of standards to equivalence of objectives: The entitlement of prisoners to health care standards higher than those outside prisons”, International Journal of Prisoner Health 2, no. 4 (2006):
269-280. - Open Society Foundations, Pretrial Detention and Health: Unintended Consequences, Deadly Results (2011). www.opensocietyfoundations.org/reports/pretrial-detention-and-health-unintended-consequences-deadly-results.
- Schleifer R and Bruce RD, Ethical and Human Rights Imperatives to Ensure Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Dependence in Prisons and Pre-trial Detention (2008). www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/drupol/issues/contents?issue_key=S0955-3959%2808%29X0060-X.
- Todrys KW, Amon JJ, “Criminal Justice Reform as HIV and TB Prevention in African Prisons”, PLoS Medicine 9, no. 5 (2012). www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001215.
R. Key Populations – Sex Workers
- Andrey Rylkov Foundation for Health and Social Justice, “Who’s going to believe us? We’re not people, we’re animals”, interview with Russian sex workers by Anya Sarang, June 26, 2012. http://en.rylkov-fond.org/blog/voices-from-russia/sex-workers-yekaterinburg/.
- Human Rights Watch, Sex Workers at Risk: Condoms as Evidence of Prostitution in Four US Cities (2012). www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/us0712ForUpload_1.pdf.
- Open Society Foundation, Criminalizing Condoms: How Policing Practices Put Sex Workers and HIV Services at Risk in Kenya, Namibia, Russia, South Africa, the United States, and Zimbabwe (July 2012), www.soros.org/reports/criminalizing-condoms.
- UNAIDS, UNAIDS Guidance Note on HIV and Sex Work (2009). www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2009/JC2306_UNAIDS-guidance-note-HIV-sex-work_en.pdf.
S. Key Populations – LGBTQ and MSM
- Bourne A, “Drug Use Among Men who Have Sex with Men. Implications for Harm Reduction”, Chapter 3.3, in Harm Reduction International, The Global State of Harm Reduction (2012). www.ihra.net/global-state-of-harm-reduction-2012.
- Csete J and Cohen J, “Health Benefits of Legal Services for Criminalized Populations: The Case of People Who Use Drugs, Sex Workers and Sexual and Gender Minorities”, Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 38, no. 816 (2010). www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21105945.
T. Advocacy, Training and Programming Materials
- Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, Legislating for Health and Human Rights: Model Law on Drug Use and HIV/AIDS (2006) [8 modules]. www.aidslaw.ca/publications/publicationsdocEN.php?ref=620.
- Harm Reduction International, The UN Human Rights System and Harm Reduction Advocacy: A training package for civil society organisations (2011). www.ihra.net/human-rights-training.
- Harm Reduction Training Institute: http://harmreduction.org/our-work/training-capacity-build/the-training-institute/.
- Kaplan K, Human Rights Documentation and Advocacy: A Guide for Organizations of People Who Use Drugs (Open Society Institute, 2009). www.soros.org/publications/human-rights-documentation-and-advocacy-guide-organizations-people-who-use-drugs.
- Larney S and Dolan K, Orientation on Harm Reduction: Three-Hour Training Course: Participant Manual (WHO, 2007). http://apps.who.int/bookorders/anglais/detart1.jsp?codlan=1&codcol=52&codcch=2113.
- Open Society Institute, Public Health Seminars: http://health.accel-it.lt/en/seminar/osi_public_health_program_partners_meeting1/agenda/.
- Salzburg Seminar: www.salzburgglobal.org/current/index-b.cfm.
- WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Guidelines for the psychosocially assisted pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence (2009). www.who.int/hiv/pub/idu/opioid/en/index.html.
- WHO, UNAIDS and UNODC, Guide to Starting and Managing Need and Syringe Programmes (2007). www.unodc.org/documents/hiv-aids/NSP-GUIDE-WHO-UNODC.pdf or www.who.int/hiv/pub/idu/needleprogram/en/index.html.
- Youth RISE, Drug Policy E-course, www.youthrise.org/projects/e-course.
U. Periodicals
- Asian Harm Reduction Network, AHR News, quarterly newsletter: www.ahrn.net/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=2115&Itemid=2#newsletter.
- Canadian Medical Association Journal Collection: www.cmaj.ca/cgi/collection/drug_misuse.
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, “Harm Reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges”, EMCDDAM Monographs (April 2010). www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/monographs/harm-reduction.
- Harm Reduction Journal: www.harmreductionjournal.com.
- Health, Education, Social Protection News & Notes: RSS Feeds, “Harm Reduction & Drug Use”, http://hesp-news.org/category/harm-reduction-drug-use/.
- Human Rights and Drugs—An International Journal on Human Rights and Drug Policy. www.humanrightsanddrugs.org.
- Barrett D, ‘Security, development and human rights: Normative, legal and policy challenges for the international drug control system’ (2010).
- Bingham T, “Irish Press Ombudsman upholds from coalition of drug services” (2012).
- Chu SKH, “Supreme Court of Canada Orders Minister of health to Exempt Supervised Injection Site from Criminal Prohibition on Drug Possession” (2012).
- Stevens A, “The Ethcis and Effectiveness of Coerced Treatment of People Who Use Drugs” (2012).
- International Journal of Drug Policy: www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/drupol/home.
- The Lancet, “HIV in People Who Use Drugs”, Jul. 20, 2010. www.thelancet.com/series/hiv-in-people-who-use-drugs.
- Open Society Institute, International Harm Reduction Development Program, Harm Reduction News quarterly newsletter: www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/news.
V. Websites
- Andrey Rylkov Foundation for Health and Social Justice: http://en.rylkov-fond.org.
- Asian Harm Reduction Network (AHRN): www.ahrn.net.
- Australian Injecting and Illicit Drug Users League: www.aivl.org.au.
- Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network: www.aidslaw.ca.
- Criminal Justice Policy Foundation, “Sterling on Justice and Drugs” blog: justiceanddrugs.blogspot.com.
- Eurasian Harm Reduction Network (EHRN) (formerly Central and Eastern European Harm Reduction Network (CEEHRN)): harm-reduction.org.
- Harm Reduction Coalition: www.harmreduction.org.
- Harm Reduction International: www.ihra.net.
- Human Rights Watch HIV/TB Resources: hrw.org/doc/?t=hivaids&document_limit=0,2.
- Indian Harm Reduction Network: www.ihrn.in.
- International Centre on Human Rights and Drug Policy: www.humanrightsanddrugs.org.
- International Drug Policy Consortium: http://idpc.net/.
- International Network of People Who Use Drugs: www.inpud.net.
- Harm Reduction International: www.ihra.net.
- MONAR Krakow Drugs Project (Poland) – Polish language only: www.monar.krakow.pl.
- North American Syringe Exchange Network: www.nasen.org/index.htm.
- Open Society Institute, International Harm Reduction Development program: www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd.
- PIVOT Legal Society (Vancouver, Canada): www.pivotlegal.org.
- StoptheDrugWar.org, “The Speakeasy” reader blogs: stopthedrugwar.org/speakeasy/reader.
- Transform Drug Policy Foundation, “Count the Costs”, www.countthecosts.org.
- Vancouver Area Network of Drug Users: www.vandu.org.
- Youth RISE [for reducing drug-related harm]: http://youthrise.org.
- US Organizations
Chicago Recovery Alliance: www.anypositivechange.org/hro.html.
Drug Action Network: www.drugactionnetwork.com.